石油设备网讯 据世界能源网3月27日休斯敦报道，国际能源署(IEA)表示，由于全球经济增长强劲以及许多地区的取暖和制冷需求增强，去年全球能源需求增长了2.3%，为10年来最快的增速。
去年天然气成为了全球能源需求的首选燃料，涨幅最大，占去年全球能源消费增幅的45%。去年美国和中国的天然气需求增长尤其强劲。
IEA说，去年全球对所有燃料的需求都有所增加，化石燃料连续第二年满足了近70%的需求增长。太阳能和风能发电量以两位数的速度增长，仅太阳能发电量就增长了31%。不过，这还不足以满足全球电力需求的增长，而全球电力需求的增长也推高了煤炭使用量。
受需求上升和煤炭替代的推动，全球去年天然气需求以2010年以来最快的速度增长，同比增长了4.6%，连续第二年实现了强劲增长。去年全球天然气需求增长由美国引领，而中国的天然气需求增长了18%。
IEA的统计数据显示，去年全球石油需求增长了1.3%，美国再次引领了全球石油需求增长，这是20年来的第一次，这要归功于石油化工产品的强劲扩张、工业生产和卡车运输服务的增长。
结果是，去年全球与能源相关的二氧化碳排放量增加了1.7%，达到了330亿吨。仅发电用煤的二氧化碳排放量就超过了100亿吨，占总增量的三分之一。其中大部分来自亚洲发展中国家的一批新建燃煤发电厂。
这些发现是国际能源署对去年全球能源消耗和与能源相关的二氧化碳排放量的最新评估的一部分。《全球能源和二氧化碳状况报告》提供了对能源市场的高层次和最新观点，包括石油、天然气、煤炭、风能、太阳能、核能、电力和能源效率的最新可用数据。
李峻 编译自 世界能源
原文如下：
Energy Demand Rose at a Record Rate
Global energy demand grew 2.3% last year, marking its fastest pace in a decade, amid a robust global economy and stronger heating and cooling needs in many regions, said the International Energy Agency (IEA).
Natural gas emerged as the fuel of choice, posting the biggest gains and accounting for 45% of the rise in energy consumption. Gas demand growth was especially strong in the United States and China.
Demand for all fuels increased, with fossil fuels meeting nearly 70% of the growth for the second year running. Solar and wind generation grew at double-digit pace, with solar alone increasing by 31%. Still, that was not fast enough to meet higher electricity demand around the world that also drove up coal use.
Global gas demand expanded at its fastest rate since 2010, with year-on-year growth of 4.6%, the second consecutive year of strong growth, driven by higher demand and substitution from coal. Demand growth was led by the United States. Gas demand in China increased by almost 18%.
Oil demand grew 1.3% worldwide, with the United States again leading the global increase for the first time in 20 years thanks to a strong expansion in petrochemicals, rising industrial production and trucking services.
As a result, global energy-related CO2 emissions rose by 1.7% to 33 Gigatonnes (Gt) in 2018. Coal use in power generation alone surpassed 10 Gt, accounting for a third of the total increase. Most of that came from a young fleet of coal power plants in developing Asia. The majority of coal-fired generation capacity today is found in Asia, with 12-year-old plants on average, decades short of average lifetimes of around 50 years.
These findings are part of the International Energy Agency’s latest assessment of global energy consumption and energy-related CO2 emissions for 2018. The Global Energy & CO2 Status Report provides a high-level and up-to-date view of energy markets, including latest available data for oil, natural gas, coal, wind, solar, nuclear power, electricity, and energy efficiency.
