石油设备网讯 据今日油价网站3月26日消息 国际能源署（IEA）在其最新的全球能源和二氧化碳状况报告中称，去年碳排放量达到331亿吨，打破了以往的纪录，尽管年增长相对温和，为1.7%。
在推动从化石燃料向可再生能源转变的更强有力的促进下，碳排放的小幅增长是由于亚洲发展中国家的煤厂新增产能。这一增长导致煤炭占去年所有能源相关二氧化碳排放量的30%。更重要的是，新的燃煤发电厂在亚洲的增加超过了世界其他地方关闭的工厂。
尽管数据有点令人沮丧，但无论如何也不应令人惊讶，也存在一些利好消息。IEA指出，去年能源需求增长了2.3%，几乎是2010年以来平均年增长率的两倍，但大部分高需求是满足于比煤炭和石油更清洁的能源。
天然气是2018年增长最快的能源，占能源需求增长的近45%。石油需求也增加了，但没有那么显著。总体来说，化石燃料占高能源需求的70%左右。
与此同时，可再生能源的采用率以两位数的速度增长，这无疑是令人鼓舞的。不幸的是，新的可再生能源装置的增长速度不能跟上能源需求的增长速度。尽管如此，去年太阳能、风能和其他可再生能源占一次能源需求的25%。这要归功于更多的可再生能源发电增加：在发电领域，可再生能源占2018年需求增长的45%。
IEA指出，电力正在转变为“未来的燃料”，这可能在未来几年推动可再生能源的进一步采用。尽管如此，对化石燃料的需求仍将保持，天然气将成为最清洁的化石燃料。
王磊 摘译自 今日油价
原文如下：
IEA: Carbon Emissions Break Record In 2018
Carbon emissions reached 33.1 gigatons last year, breaking their previous record even though the annual increase was relatively modest, at 1.7 percent, the International Energy Agency said in its new Global Energy & CO2 Status Report.
The disheartening increase that came amid an even stronger push towards a shift from fossil fuels to renewables came on the back of new addition to the coal plant capacity of developing countries in Asia. This growth resulted in coal accounting for 30 percent of all energy-related CO2 emissions last year. What’s more, the new coal power plant additions in Asia more than offset plant closures in other parts of the world.
Despite the somewhat depressing data, which should not have come as a surprise in any case, there was some good news as well. Energy demand rose by 2.3 percent last year, which was almost double the average annual growth rate for the period since 2010, the IEA, noted, but most of that higher demand was satisfied with energy sources cleaner than coal and oil.
Gas was the fastest-growing growing energy source in 2018, accounting for almost 45 percent of the increased energy demand. Oil demand also increased, but not so impressively. Together, fossil fuels covered some 70 percent of the higher energy demand.
Meanwhile, renewables adoption grew by a double-digit rate, which was certainly encouraging. Unfortunately, this rate of growth in new renewable installations could not keep up with the pace of rising energy demand. Still, solar, wind, and other renewable energy sources covered 25 percent of primary energy demand last year. This was thanks to more renewable power generation additions: in power generation, renewables accounted for 45 percent of demand growth in 2018.
The IEA noted that electricity is turning into “the fuel of the future”, which will likely drive further renewable energy adoption in the years to come. Still, demand for fossil fuels will remain, with gas leading the way as the cleanest of the fossil fuels.
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