石油设备网讯 据管道新闻网4月22日消息称，2018年，美国一次能源消耗达到了101.3 quadrillion BTU的历史新高，比2017年增长了4%，比2007年创下的历史记录高出0.3%。2018年的增长是自2010年以来最大的能源消耗增长，无论是绝对增长还是百分比增长。
2018年，石油、天然气和煤炭等化石燃料消费增长4%，占美国能源消费总量的80%。天然气消费量创历史新高，比2017年增长10%。天然气的增长，以及相对消费涨幅较小的石油燃料、可再生能源和核电的增长，抵消了煤炭消费下降4%的影响。
2018年，美国石油消费量增至2050万桶/天，即37 quadrillion英热单位，比2017年增加了近50万桶/天，为2007年以来的最高水平。增长主要是由工业部门的使用增加推动的，2018年工业部门每天增长约20万桶。由于对石油柴油和航空燃料等燃料的需求增加，2018年交通运输部门每日增长约14万桶。
2018年，美国天然气消费量达到创纪录的831亿立方英尺/天，相当于31 quadrillion英热单位。2018年，天然气在所有行业的使用量都有所上升，主要是受天气相关因素的推动，这些因素增加了冬季对空间供暖和夏季空调的需求。随着越来越多的天然气发电厂投入使用，现有的天然气发电厂得到更多的使用，电力行业的天然气消费量从2017年的水平增加了15%，达到291亿立方英尺/天。2018年居民、商业、工业等领域天然气消费也有所增长，分别比2017年增长13%、10%和4%。
[注] quadrillion为1000的五次方。
曹海斌 摘译自 管道新闻网
原文如下：
2018: US consumed more energy than ever before
Primary energy consumption in the United States reached a record high of 101.3 quadrillion British thermal units (Btu) in 2018, up 4% from 2017 and 0.3% above the previous record set in 2007. The increase in 2018 was the largest increase in energy consumption, in both absolute and percentage terms, since 2010.
Consumption of fossil fuels – petroleum, natural gas, and coal – grew by 4% in 2018 and accounted for 80% of U.S. total energy consumption. Natural gas consumption reached a record high, rising by 10% from 2017. This increase in natural gas, along with relatively smaller increases in the consumption of petroleum fuels, renewable energy, and nuclear electric power, more than offset a 4% decline in coal consumption.
Petroleum consumption in the United States increased to 20.5 million bpd, or 37 quadrillion Btu in 2018, up nearly 500 000 bpd from 2017 and the highest level since 2007. Growth was driven primarily by increased use in the industrial sector, which grew by about 200 000 bpd in 2018. The transportation sector grew by about 140 000 bpd in 2018 as a result of increased demand for fuels such as petroleum diesel and jet fuel.
Natural gas consumption in the United States reached a record high 83.1 billion ft3/d, the equivalent of 31 quadrillion Btu, in 2018. Natural gas use rose across all sectors in 2018, primarily driven by weather-related factors that increased demand for space heating during the winter and for air conditioning during the summer. As more natural gas-fired power plants came online and existing natural gas-fired power plants were used more often, natural gas consumption in the electric power sector increased 15% from 2017 levels to 29.1 billion ft3/d. Natural gas consumption also grew in the residential, commercial, and industrial sectors in 2018, increasing 13%, 10%, and 4% compared with 2017 levels, respectively.
