石油设备网讯 据路透社伦敦5月14日报道，国际能源署（IEA）称，全球能源投资在经历了三年的下降后，去年在1.85万亿美元附近企稳，石油、天然气和煤炭投资的增加抵消了能源效率和可再生能源支出放缓的影响。
根据IEA《2019年世界能源投资报告》，由于油价上涨，页岩气转移和建设周期缩短，2018年上游石油和天然气支出同比增长近4%，达到4770亿美元。IEA预计，在2019年，石油和天然气支出将增加到5050亿美元。
该报告称，煤炭供应投资增长2%，至800亿美元，为2012年以来的首次增长，主要是用于维持产量，而不是新建煤矿。
在全球电力行业方面，投资下降1%，至约7750亿美元，但由于电力需求增长，它仍然是最大的投资部门。
能源效率投资稳定，但可再生能源支出下降1%，略高于3000亿美元，主要是因为净产能增加趋于平缓，部分技术的成本下降。
该报告称，几乎没有迹象表明大量资金被重新分配用于低碳能源，而低碳能源是实现遏制全球变暖目标所必需的。IEA执行董事法蒂赫·比罗尔表示：“随着市场、政策和技术的转变，能源投资现在面临着前所未有的不确定性。但底线是，世界对传统供应要素的投资不足以维持当今的消费模式，也没有在清洁能源技术上投入足够的资金来改变方向。”
去年，低碳能源投资相对稳定，约为6200亿美元，但自2016年增长3%以来，增长一直停滞不前。
IEA表示，低碳能源在能源投资总额中所占比例接近35%，到2030年需要增长到65%。
2018年，中国仍是最大的能源投资市场，投资额约为3750亿美元；在美国的投资额约为3500亿美元；而在欧盟的能源投资略高于2000亿美元。
詹晓晶摘自路透社
原文如下：
Global energy investment steadies at $1.85 trln after three-year fall -IEA
Global energy investment steadied at nearly $1.85 trillion last year after three years of decline, with slowing energy efficiency and renewables spending offset by increases in oil, gas and coal, the International Energy Agency said.
Upstream oil and gas spending in 2018 rose by nearly 4% year on year to $477 billion because of a rise in oil prices and a shift to shale gas and projects with shorter construction periods, according to the IEA’s 2019 World Energy Investment report.
The IEA expects oil and gas spending to rise to $505 billion in 2019.
Investment in coal supply increased by 2% to $80 billion, representing the first increase since 2012. This was mainly spent on maintaining production levels rather than new mines, the report said.
In the global power sector, investment dipped by 1% to about $775 billion, but it remained the largest investment sector because of growing demand for electricity.
Energy efficiency investment was stable but renewables spending edged down by 1% to a little more than $300 billion as net capacity additions flattened and costs fell for some technologies.
The report said there were few signs of the large reallocation of capital towards low-carbon energy, which is needed to help achieve goals to keep global warming in check.
“Energy investments now face unprecedented uncertainties, with shifts in markets, policies and technologies,” said Fatih Birol, the IEA’s executive director.
“But the bottom line is that the world is not investing enough in traditional elements of supply to maintain today’s consumption patterns, nor is it investing enough in cleaner energy technologies to change course.”
Investment in low-carbon energy was relatively stable at about $620 billion last year but growth has stagnated since a 3% rise in 2016.
The share of low-carbon energy in total energy investment is nearly 35%, which needs to grow to 65% by 2030, the IEA said.
China remained the largest market for energy investment in 2018 at about $375 billion. However, its lead over the United States narrowed, with spending there at about $350 billion.
Energy investment in the European Union weighed in at a little more than $200 billion.
