石油设备网讯 据管道新闻网7月10日消息称，天然气是美国的主要能源之一。2018年，美国消费的天然气90%以上用于国内生产。EIA的美国天然气流量图有助于直观地了解美国天然气供应(生产、进口和从存储中提取)和处置(消费、出口和添加到存储中)的要素。
自本世纪头十年中期以来，美国天然气产量和消费量总体上都有所增长，而2018年干气(或消费级)天然气产量和消费量均达到约30万亿立方英尺(合32.5万亿立方米)的创纪录新高。2017年和2018年，年干气产量自1966年以来首次超过消费量。
过去10年，美国天然气产量有所增加，因为水平钻井和水力压裂技术的广泛应用，使生产商能够更经济地从页岩岩层开采天然气。目前，页岩气在美国天然气总产量中所占的比例，高于传统天然气井和作为伴生气的原油井。更小的天然气量也来自煤层，称为煤层气。
2018年，美国从井口开采的天然气和其他化合物的总采出量达到37万亿立方英尺，其中一半以上来自页岩气井。市场销售的天然气产量(不包括用于油井减压的天然气、排放的和燃烧的天然气，以及任何非碳氢化合物气体)接近33万亿立方英尺。美国销售的天然气进一步加工成30万亿立方英尺的干天然气和2万亿立方英尺的天然气液体。
曹海斌 摘译自 管道新闻网
原文如下：
EIA: 90% of natural gas used in the US in 2018 was produced domestically
Natural gas is one of the main sources of energy in the United States. In 2018, more than 90% of the natural gas consumed in the United States was produced domestically. EIA’s US natural gas flow diagram helps to visualise the elements of US natural gas supply (production, imports, and withdrawals from storage) and disposition (consumption, exports, and additions to storage).
US natural gas production and consumption have both generally increased since the mid-2000s, and both dry, or consumer-grade, natural gas production and consumption reached record highs of about 30 trillion ft3 in 2018. In both 2017 and 2018, annual dry natural gas production exceeded consumption for the first time since 1966.
US natural gas production has increased in the past decade as the widespread adoption of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing techniques has allowed producers to more economically produce natural gas from shale formations. Shale gas now makes up a higher percentage of total US natural gas production than natural gas produced from both traditional natural gas wells and from crude oil wells as associated natural gas. Smaller volumes of natural gas are also produced from coal seams, called coalbed methane.
In 2018, gross withdrawals of natural gas and other compounds extracted at the wellhead in the United States totalled 37 trillion ft3, with more than half coming from shale gas wells. Marketed natural gas production, which excludes natural gas used for repressuring the well, vented and flared gas, and any non-hydrocarbon gases, was nearly 33 trillion ft3. US marketed natural gas was further processed into 30 trillion ft3 of dry natural gas and 2 trillion ft3 of natural gas plant liquids.
